The South Fork Dam was the structure on the mountain created specifically to create Conemaugh Lake in western Pennsylvania. The dam was built of rammed earth and, while initially constructed sturdily and artfully, fell into disrepair throughout its use, eventually failing catastrophically and resulting in the great Johnstown Flood. Releasing over 20 million pounds of water from the Conemaugh Lake—built to serve the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club—the South Fork dam would be one of the most infamous structures in American history.

Andrew Carnegie is among the most renowned and influential figures in American history, especially due to his prolific wealth. Carnegie amassed his wealth in the steel industry and donated most of his fortune to his philanthropic endeavors, building social programs and institutions, including schools, museums, libraries, and various charities. Carnegie was one of the initial investors and members of the South Fork club and the group of aristocrats who would be the basis of the seasonal community outside of Johnstown.

The Pennsylvania Railroad, established in 1846, made its way into Johnstown just a few years after its founding. In the 1850s, the railroad was established in the town, bringing along with it the Cambria Iron Company and countless jobs over the next few decades.