38 pages 1 hour read

Ernest Hemingway

To Have And Have Not

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1937

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, quotes, and essay topics.

Symbols & Motifs

Avoidance and Desperation

Regardless of social class, many of the novel’s characters find some maladaptive coping strategy to escape the wretchedness of their lives. The two main deckhands on Harry’s boat, Eddy and Albert, use alcohol to avoid the harsh realities of their world: Eddy’s alcohol use keeps him in a permanent state of happiness where he does not have to face his destitution, and Albert’s keeps him away from home so he does not have to face the disappointment in his family’s eyes. In addition, the group of war veterans prefer the liquid solace to facing a government that has abandoned them.

On the other end of the social spectrum, many of the “Haves,” with all their decadence and glamour, live in quiet desperation. Richard and Helen Gordon operate under a pretense of happiness while both pursue extramarital affairs—she with Professor MacWalsey, he with Helene Bradley. When Helen denounces her husband and reflects on their unhappy marriage, her observations apply just as well to the spiritually bankrupt world the characters would like to escape: To Helen, their marital conflicts symbolize amorality, sterility, and deception. The relationship leaves her broken and hopeless. She calls love a “just another dirty lie” (185).

Related Titles

By Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place

Ernest Hemingway

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place

Ernest Hemingway

Plot Summary

logo

Across the River and into the Trees

Ernest Hemingway

Across the River and into the Trees

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

A Day's Wait

Ernest Hemingway

A Day's Wait

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

A Farewell to Arms

Ernest Hemingway

A Farewell to Arms

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

A Moveable Feast

Ernest Hemingway

A Moveable Feast

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

A Very Short Story

Ernest Hemingway

A Very Short Story

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Big Two-Hearted River

Ernest Hemingway

Big Two-Hearted River

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Cat in the Rain

Ernest Hemingway

Cat in the Rain

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

For Whom the Bell Tolls

Ernest Hemingway

For Whom the Bell Tolls

Ernest Hemingway

Plot Summary

logo

Green Hills of Africa

Ernest Hemingway

Green Hills of Africa

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

In Another Country

Ernest Hemingway

In Another Country

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Indian Camp

Ernest Hemingway

Indian Camp

Ernest Hemingway

Plot Summary

logo

In Our Time

Ernest Hemingway

In Our Time

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Old Man at the Bridge

Ernest Hemingway

Old Man at the Bridge

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Soldier's Home

Ernest Hemingway

Soldier's Home

Ernest Hemingway

Plot Summary

logo

Solider's Home

Ernest Hemingway

Solider's Home

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

Ten Indians

Ernest Hemingway

Ten Indians

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

The Garden of Eden

Ernest Hemingway

The Garden of Eden

Ernest Hemingway

Study Guide

logo

The Killers

Ernest Hemingway

The Killers

Ernest Hemingway